We all want to do whatever we can to positively influence the quality of life for those suffering from Alzheimer’s and related dementias. There are many ways to do this – medication management, mental stimulation, personal care, etc. – but also important is the management of environmental factors. Recent research has shown that the environment indeed has a significant effect on those with dementia, whether in a residential setting or in ones’ own home. Though the impact may be more significant for those with advanced dementia, it can affect anyone with dementia.
So – what are some of these environmental factors? They include light, sound, temperature and movement. It’s important to keep rooms well-lit except when getting ready for sleep. Many people believe that in the late afternoon, when many are prone to agitation, that it’s best to keep the lights low. This is, in fact, not the case at all. It’s best to keep the lights bright. Low light can be associated with negative mood. High intensity light during the day can enhance both mood and sleep patterns.
As for temperature, it’s important to keep it well controlled and not too warm. High temperatures are often associated with a lower overall quality of life and increased need for assistance in care. What about noise of which there is often an abundance, especially in residential settings? Again, it’s best to keep it at a minimum for many reasons, not the least of which is that it results in fewer social interactions. This includes television, radio, noise from children and pets, intercoms if in a facility, traffic if outdoors, and conversations other than those with the person with dementia. It’s best to minimize as many of these as possible.
One more factor is the amount of movement there is in the space. It’s best to limit people coming into and out of the room or outside if they are within view as well as pets running around continually – especially if one is trying to communicate. Constant movement serves as a distraction which in turn can have a negative impact on the person with dementia in terms of comprehension.
These environmental factors are among the easiest on which to have a positive effect. They cost nothing or very little, they take no time and basically take no energy – what a perfect combination! So – turn up those lights, turn down the temperature and limit as much extraneous noise and movement as possible. Hopefully your results will be positive for you as a caregiver and for your loved one with dementia.
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